Why do we need to Defragment ... ?
Use reuse of files , deletion, modification creates fragments in the system . which makes the system slower..
Defragmentation ::
n the maintenance of file systems, defragmentation is a process that reduces the amount of fragmentation. It does this by physically organizing the contents of the mass storage device used to store files into the smallest number of contiguous regions (fragments). It also attempts to create larger regions of free space using compaction to impede the return of fragmentation. Some defragmentation utilities try to keep smaller files within a single directory together, as they are often accessed in sequence.
Fragmentation ::
Fragmentation occurs when the file system cannot or will not allocate enough contiguous space to store a complete file as a unit, but instead puts parts of it in gaps between other files (usually those gaps exist because they formerly held a file that the operating system has subsequently deleted or because the file system allocated excess space for the file in the first place). Larger files and greater numbers of files also contribute to fragmentation and consequent performance loss. Defragmentation attempts to alleviate these problem.
Common countermeasures ::
Partitioning ::A common strategy to optimize defragmentation and to reduce the impact of fragmentation is to partition the hard disk(s) in a way that separates partitions of the file system that experience many more reads than writes from the more volatile zones where files are created and deleted frequently.
Offline defragmentation
The presence of immovable system files, especially a swap file, can impede defragmentation. These files can be safely moved when the operating system is not in use.
Some useful Terms :
You’ll
need administrator rights to run the tool. So from the start menu, click All
Programs > Accessories. Right-click on command prompt and select run as
administrator.
How to defragment using Windows 7 Command Line
The defrag.exe command syntax initially looks a bit confusing:
Defrag <volume(s)> | /C | /E <volumes> [/A | /X |
/T] [/H] [/M] [/U] [/V]
For help in command line type “ defrag ?”
Command Options :-
- A Display
a fragmentation analysis report for the specified volume without defragmenting
it.
- C Defragment
all local volumes on the computer
- E Defragment
all local volumes on the computer except those specified.
- H Run the
operation at normal priority instead of the default low priority. Specify this
option if a computer is not otherwise in use.
- M Run the
operation on each volume in parallel. This is used primarily for SCSI or SATA
type disks rather than the typical IDE.
- T Track
an operation already in progress on the specified volume.
- U Print
the progress of the operation on the screen.
- V Verbose
mode. Provides additional detail and statistics.
- X Perform
free-space consolidation. Free-space consolidation is useful if you need to
shrink a volume, and it can reduce fragmentation of future files.
Methods
to Disk Volume Defragmentation
Method #1 – Using the
Built-In Windows 7 Defrag Tool
First, let me cover the internal Windows 7
tool that allows you to defrag windows 7 hard disks. This tool is a lot
better than the one available in Windows Vista (at least in its design and in
the way it works) but the built-in tool lacks many user options and that is why
I offer Method #2, below.
To run the Windows 7 built-in defragmenting tool
follow these steps:
Open Windows Explorer. Right-click the desired
partition and select Properties.
In the Tools tab, click on Defragment
Now.
For those that feel that the
built-in Windows 7 defrag tool lacks both in functionality and in UI, there are
3rd-party tools that may do a better job. One of them is Auslogic Disk Defrag.
Auslogic Disk Defrag is free for
personal non-commercial use.
Method
#3 – Using the Command line to defragment
Defrag <volume(s)> | /C | /E <volumes> [/A | /X |
/T] [/H] [/M] [/U] [/V]
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